How Many Hours Do Firefighters Work? Typical Schedule

People often wonder how many hours firefighters work, since the job is very different from a typical nine-to-five. Firefighting requires long shifts, irregular hours, and a schedule that can make work-life balance challenging.

The number of hours worked depends on the department’s staffing, size, and location. Some follow strict 24-hour shifts, while others rotate shorter schedules. In this article, we’ll explain the most common firefighter shift patterns, how schedules influence firefighter pay, and the steps to becoming a firefighter. We’ll also look at average firefighter salary and answer FAQs about this demanding but rewarding career.

What Is a Firefighter’s Schedule?

A typical firefighter schedule is built around long shifts that keep stations staffed at all times. In many departments, firefighters work 24 hours straight, followed by 48 hours off. This structure ensures that firehouses remain ready to respond to emergencies day and night.

These schedules are usually organized through platoon systems, where crews rotate in and out on a predictable cycle. In smaller towns or volunteer departments, you may find shorter eight-, 10-, or 12-hour shifts instead. Regardless of the model, emergencies often extend shifts, and overtime can add hours unexpectedly. 

Typical Firefighter Hours and Shift Patterns

The 24-on/48-off model is the most common shift structure. Firefighters work 24 hours straight and then get two days of rest. This cycle repeats consistently, creating a steady rhythm of work and recovery.

Some departments use alternative models, such as the 4-4-4-6 pattern. In this system, firefighters rotate between four day shifts, four night shifts, and six days off, giving crews extended downtime. In many places, firefighters average a 56-hour workweek, which is far higher than most professions. The schedule you’ll encounter depends heavily on your region, department policies, and available staffing.

Firefighter Salary Expectations

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the median annual wage for firefighters is $59,530. Entry-level firefighters may start lower, while experienced professionals often earn significantly more. Pay is also influenced by overtime, which is common when emergencies extend beyond scheduled hours.

Rank plays a major role as well. Firefighters who become lieutenants, captains, or chiefs typically earn higher salaries and may shift into administrative roles. 

Location also matters: large urban departments, where call volume is higher, often pay more than small rural fire stations. With experience, specialty training, and overtime, firefighter salaries can climb well above the median.

How To Become a Firefighter

Becoming a firefighter requires education, training, and meeting department standards. The steps below outline the typical process to enter this career.

Step 1: Earn a High School Diploma or GED

Most fire academies and entry-level firefighter jobs require a high school diploma or GED. Classes in biology, chemistry, and physical education can help you build useful skills. 

Strong communication and teamwork abilities are also valuable, since firefighters work closely with colleagues and the public. A solid academic foundation prepares you for the demands of both the fire academy and the job itself.

Step 2: Complete EMT or Paramedic Training

Many fire departments require candidates to be certified emergency medical technicians (EMTs) or paramedics. This training prepares you to handle medical emergencies, which make up a large portion of firefighter calls. 

EMT programs teach essential skills like CPR, wound care, and patient transport. Paramedic certification goes further, covering advanced airway management, medications, and emergency procedures.

Step 3: Enroll in a Fire Academy

The fire academy provides the core training every firefighter needs. Programs usually last several months and include classroom learning along with practical drills. 

You’ll study fire science, safety protocols, and emergency procedures, while also completing physical conditioning. Hands-on training includes using hoses, ladders, breathing equipment, and protective gear.

Step 4: Pass Written, Medical, and Physical Exams

Before becoming a firefighter, you’ll need to pass multiple entrance exams. Written tests evaluate your problem-solving skills, situational awareness, and basic knowledge of fire science. Medical evaluations check your overall health, while physical agility tests measure strength, endurance, and speed.

Step 5: Serve a Probationary Period

Once hired, new recruits usually enter a probationary period lasting six months to a year. During this time, you’ll work under the close supervision of experienced firefighters. 

Probation allows you to apply your academy training in real-world emergencies and prove your readiness. It’s also a chance to show your teamwork, professionalism, and ability to handle stress. Successful completion of probation confirms your place as a full firefighter.

Step 6: Continue Training and Earn Certifications

Firefighting is a career of lifelong learning. Even after probation, you’ll complete ongoing training to keep your skills sharp and your certifications current. 

Advanced courses may cover hazardous materials response, technical rescue, or fire officer leadership. These credentials not only improve your abilities but also make you a stronger candidate for promotions and specialized units.

Regional Variations and Special Considerations

Firefighter schedules can look very different depending on where you work. In small towns, many departments rely on volunteers who respond to calls as needed, meaning there’s no fixed schedule. Larger urban departments often require longer or more frequent shifts to handle high call volumes.

Natural disasters, wildfires, or major storms can also create mandatory overtime, keeping crews on duty for extended periods. These long hours and unpredictable emergencies take a toll on health, sleep, and family life. Despite these challenges, firefighters often say the rewards of serving their community make the demanding schedule worthwhile.

FAQs About Firefighter Schedules and Careers

Firefighting is a career that sparks a lot of curiosity from candidates and the public. Below are answers to some of the most common questions about schedules, pay, and job demands.

How Many Hours Do Firefighters Really Work?

Most firefighters work an average of 48 to 56 hours per week. The exact number depends on the department’s shift model and call volume. While schedules follow a predictable pattern, emergencies and overtime often add to total hours worked, making this career one of the most demanding.

Do Firefighters Get Overtime?

Yes, overtime is a regular part of the job. Firefighters often stay past their scheduled shifts when emergencies occur or call volume is unusually high. Overtime pay can make a significant difference in overall earnings, boosting firefighter salaries beyond their base pay.

What Shift Schedule Is the Most Common?

The 24-on/48-off schedule is the most widely used among U.S. fire departments. However, some areas adopt rotating systems like the 4-4-4-6 pattern. Which model is in place depends on department policy, staffing levels, and regional needs.

How Does Firefighter Rank Affect Hours and Pay?

Higher-ranking firefighters often work more administrative hours rather than standard 24-hour shifts. Lieutenants, captains, and chiefs take on leadership duties and may spend more time in the office. These positions typically come with higher salaries and additional responsibility.

Is It Possible To Have a Predictable Schedule as a Firefighter?

In some ways, yes, it is possible to know your schedule. Shift models like 24/48 are predictable in structure, so firefighters know when they are scheduled to work. The unpredictable part comes from emergencies, which can extend shifts or add overtime unexpectedly. This balance of structure and uncertainty is part of the career.

Explore Firefighter Career Pathways

Firefighting is a demanding career, but the right training and education can prepare you for success. Visit Learn.org to explore firefighter degrees, certification guides, and local department requirements.