9 Types of Cybersecurity Specializations

Due to rapidly increasing demand and competitive salaries, the cybersecurity field presents an attractive career path for many individuals.

Cybersecurity professionals fulfill a range of roles that go beyond keeping information systems safe from attacks.

Those interested in entering the field of cybersecurity should be aware of available specializations in order to decide what area of expertise is best to pursue.

Targeting a specific area in cybersecurity education can help students consider qualifications to aim for and may increase job prospects.

1. Security Architect

Security architects have the crucial task of designing networks and information systems that cannot be penetrated.

Designing effective cybersecurity systems requires not only a strong grasp of computer software and hardware, but also an understanding of the requirements of each specific organization.

Security architects may also evaluate current systems for areas of weakness. This role utilizes risk management and critical thinking skills.

Due to the need to lead teams and communicate with other types of professionals, leadership and communication skills are key for success as a security architect.

2. Governance, Risk, and Compliance

Due to the fact that people's personal and financial information is often stored or transmitted in information systems and networks, organizations typically set standards for cybersecurity practices.

Governance, risk, and compliance (GRC) refers to the part of cybersecurity that interacts with these regulations and ensures optimal compliance and minimal risk.

GRC professionals may help design organizational policies, designate professional roles and responsibilities, and consider emergency plans.

3. Data Loss Prevention

Data loss prevention (DLP) is the process by which organizations make sure their networks are airtight and no sensitive information can be extracted.

DLP specialists will need to identify the type of sensitive information they are dealing with. Financial, health, and identification information are common contexts for DLP.

Cybersecurity professionals working in DLP will consider threats such as external threats or hackers, unintended exposure and inside threats such as employees with security clearances.

4. Identity and Access Management

Identity and Access Management (IAM) specialists are the gatekeepers of information systems. They are responsible for how secure systems identify users and grant appropriate access.

Common applications of IAM are two-factor authentication and single-sign on systems. IAMs must make sure that users can reliably access systems and information without compromising security.

Modern IAM may utilize technologies such as AI, biometrics, and behavioral analytics to verify identities and create secure forms of access.

IAMs will benefit from critical thinking skills and the ability to build relationships and communicate effectively as they work with organizations to meet security and access needs.

5. Digital Forensics and Incident Response

Digital forensics specialists and cybersecurity incident responders are the firefighters and first responders of cybersecurity.

While many roles in cybersecurity are dedicated to prevention, digital forensics and cybersecurity incident responders are experts in what to do after an attack or security breach has occurred.

Once an incident has been reported, cybersecurity incident responders work to contain the issue and minimize damage.

Digital forensics deals with identifying the sources and causes of the breach. They must also collect evidence of the incident to use in prosecuting the cybercrime.

6. Cloud Security Engineer

Cloud security engineering is the branch of cybersecurity that creates safe and secure cloud-based systems.

Cloud security engineers may complete important tasks such as setting up firewalls and ensuring security measures are present at each level of the network.

Because cloud systems are currently used to store so much data, they are a common target of cyber attacks.

Cloud security engineers will stay up to date on the latest developments in cloud-based information systems and technology.

7. Internet of Things

The many technologies developed in the last several decades have become increasingly linked through networks. This phenomenon is sometimes called the Internet of Things (IoT).

Many appliances, household technologies, cars, and wearable devices are connected to the internet and can be a target for cyberattacks.

These technologies often store and transmit personal data that users often forget to protect. IoT cybersecurity specialists implement security solutions for these systems that extend beyond traditional computers.

8. Application Security Engineer

Application security engineers focus on cybersecurity design and implementation at the level of applications.

They may assess the risk of current application designs and suggest upgrades to remove weaknesses.

Application security engineers often design encryption programs and set up firewalls to keep applications safe.

9. Cryptographer

Cryptographers have the critical role of creating the encryption processes and algorithms that keep data and networks safe.

Cryptographers will have to use logical thinking and reasoning skills to create processes that cannot be hacked easily.

A career in cryptography may be a good fit for individuals who enjoy advanced areas of computer science and mathematics.

Cryptographers will have to continue learning throughout their careers to stay ahead of hackers and cybercriminals.

Find a Cybersecurity Program Today

Finding the right cybersecurity degree or training program is the first step to an exciting career in any of these fields. Get the information you need to find the perfect fit and start a cybersecurity program today.