What Is Computer Science? Definition, Degrees & Careers

Computer science merges into different areas of study. Students interested in computer science should understand the career paths and top online programs.

The age of technology is here, which means careers are advancing in this industry more than any other. For students interested in a fast-paced, evolving career focused on computer systems and software engineering, a computer science degree may be the right one for you.

While computer science is not a new area of study, it is constantly changing with the increased use of technology. Computer science combines information technology and computer programming to build software that improves human-computer interactions.

If you're curious about this field, you may first want to learn about the definition of computer science and its common applications in the real world.

Let's review the common career paths in computer science and top online institutions that offer a degree in computer science.

Defining Computer Science

Computer science studies algorithms, computation, and information processing systems. It encompasses the theoretical foundations of computing and practical techniques for their application.

The field involves understanding and designing algorithms to solve complex problems efficiently, developing software and hardware systems, and exploring the theoretical underpinnings of computation and information.

Typical career applications for computer science majors include cybersecurity and software development, where professionals create applications and systems ranging from mobile apps to enterprise software. Security in computer engineering is essential for protecting digital information and systems from unauthorized access and cyber threats.

An emerging focus area in the study of computers is artificial intelligence, where researchers and engineers develop systems that can perform tasks that typically require human intelligence. These might include speech recognition, natural language processing, and autonomous decision-making.

These information systems are becoming increasingly prominent in many technology companies.

Top Online Computer Science Degrees

The field of computer science is growing to accommodate emerging technology in machine learning, data science, and robotics. The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) estimates this field will grow 23% by 2034. Here are the top online universities that offer degree programs in this field.

Arizona State University

Arizona State University (ASU) offers various online bachelor's degrees in engineering through its highly regarded Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering. The programs usually cover foundational topics in computer science, including algorithms, software engineering, data structures, and computer systems.

Students have opportunities to specialize in areas such as cybersecurity, artificial intelligence, and big data, all within a flexible online learning environment. The courses are taught in English and are available to students anywhere in the world.

Florida International University

Florida International University (FIU) offers an online master's degree in computer engineering. Students interested in machine learning and artificial intelligence will benefit from the program available here.

The curriculum reviews topic areas like building data structures, algorithms, operating systems, and understanding computer architecture. Students can engage with peers online through the Master of Science in Computer Engineering program, which will further establish project management and data analysis skills for those in managerial positions.

Saint Leo University

The online computer science degree at Saint Leo University builds software designers from the start of their education. Through visualization methods, students can learn to code with Python and other primary computing languages and create visually appealing computer graphics.

Students at Saint Leo University usually develop strong problem-solving and critical thinking skills. The university also offers hands-on projects and internships, even for distance learners.

Southern New Hampshire University

Southern New Hampshire University (SNHU) offers several online computer science programs, including a Bachelor of Science in computer science and a Bachelor of Science in cybersecurity. These programs cover core topics in computer science, such as programming, algorithms, data structures, cybersecurity principles, and software development.

SNHU's online format is ideal for busy students working part-time or full-time during their education. The coursework is asynchronous, meaning that students can attend their classes on their own schedule.

Computer Science Career Paths

As a computer science student, you learn about all the new technology used in computer science. Now, you may be curious about what types of career paths and related fields are available to you upon graduation.

Professionals in these areas of study leverage their expertise in algorithms, programming languages, and computational theory to solve complex problems and innovate across various industries. This means there are different career paths you can choose to take in the world of IT, with various entry-level jobs in computer science to consider.

Computer Scientist

Computer scientists are involved in the theoretical study of computation and algorithms, as well as the design of software systems and computing technologies. They research new algorithms, develop computational models, and explore fundamental questions in computing theory.

Computer Programmer

Computer programmers, also known as software developers or coders, complete various tasks as they write, test, and debug software programs and applications. They translate software requirements into code, often using programming languages like Python, Java, C++, or JavaScript.

Web Developer

Web developers specialize in creating and maintaining websites and web applications. They are proficient in front-end development, involving HTML, CSS, and JavaScript to design user interfaces and enhance user experience. Back-end developers focus on server-side programming languages (e.g., PHP, Python, Ruby) and databases to manage data and ensure the functionality of web applications.

Data Scientist

Data scientists analyze and interpret complex data sets to uncover insights that inform business decisions and strategies. They use statistical analysis, machine learning algorithms, and data visualization techniques to extract valuable information from structured and unstructured data sources. These professionals often work in healthcare or governmental settings.

Information Security Analyst

Information security analysts, or cybersecurity analysts, protect organizations' computer systems and networks from cyber threats and attacks. They monitor network traffic and implement security measures to safeguard sensitive information and prevent data breaches.